Abstract The study of skilled listening comprehension shows that listening is a complex, dynamic, and interactive process that enables listeners to understand a message and respond adequately to the requirements of communicative interaction. Individual factors, such as language proficiency, working memory capacity, and previous knowledge, interact in the listening process and performance. Moreover, skilled listeners deploy controlled strategies directed at making the best use of their abilities to achieve a specific communicative goal. However, our understanding of individual variables, such as language proficiency, topic-specific knowledge, and the strategies that interpreters use when listening for interpreting, remain mostly unexplored. This article presents listening comprehension as a goal-directed activity and articulates recent research on individual factors involved in listening comprehension with current conceptions of comprehension for interpreting. This review identifies relevant gaps in our understanding about the comprehension process in interpreting.

中文翻译：

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口译中的听力和理解

摘要对熟练听觉理解的研究表明，听觉是一个复杂，动态且互动的过程，使听众能够理解消息并充分响应交流互动的要求。个别因素，例如语言能力，工作记忆能力和先前的知识，会在听力过程和表现中相互影响。此外，熟练的听众会采用受控策略，以充分利用其能力来实现特定的沟通目标。但是，我们对诸如语言能力，特定主题知识以及口译员在听口译时使用的策略等个体变量的理解仍未得到充分探索。本文将听力理解作为一种目标导向的活动进行介绍，并阐明了有关听力理解中涉及的个体因素的最新研究以及当前的解释理解概念。这篇综述指出了我们对口译理解过程理解的相关差距。