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Shifting from animacy to agentivity
Theoretical Linguistics ( IF 0.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-05-25 , DOI: 10.1515/tl-2018-0002
Marco García García 1 , Beatrice Primus 2 , Nikolaus P. Himmelmann 3
Affiliation  

The target article argues for a need to distinguish between covert and overt (ly marked) shifts in animacy and claims that understanding these shifts allows for “a deeper understanding of animacy and its effects on language” (abstract target article). The paper certainly contains a number of interesting observations regarding these shifts, as well as about the relationship between conceptual and grammatical animacy. However, we are not convinced that the kind of animacy shifts discussed in the paper really get us to the core of the role of animacy in grammar. Instead, we argue that animacy-related constraints in grammar reflect the fact that animate beings (and, as we will see, some inanimate ones as well) are potential agents. Hence, such constraints are best understood in terms of semantic-role-related features such as sentience and autonomous motion, i.e. an analysis based on semantic roles. The possibility of such an analysis is also mentioned in the target article (in the last sentence of Section 5), but considered to apply only in a few marginal instances. We would hold, on the contrary, that a semantic-role-based analysis covers the most frequent and typical examples of animacy-related constraints, or at least in those instances where animacy appears to be relevant for the coding of argument structure, of which Differential Object Marking (DOM) is a prime example. Our comments will be restricted to DOM examples, acknowledging that the target article also deals with a few other example types mostly taken from Aristar (1997).

中文翻译:

从生气勃勃转向代理

目标文章主张有必要区分动画中的秘密变化和明显变化(标记明显),并声称理解这些变化可以“更深入地了解动画性及其对语言的影响”(抽象目标文章)。本文肯定包含许多有趣的观察,涉及这些变化以及概念性和语法性之间的关系。但是,我们并不认为本文中讨论的那种动词性转移确实使我们进入了动词性在语法中的核心作用。取而代之的是,我们认为与语法相关的约束反映了有生命的生物(而且,正如我们将看到的,还有一些无生命的生物)是潜在主体的事实。因此,从语义角色相关的特征(如感觉和自主运动)(即基于语义角色的分析)可以最好地理解这些约束。目标文章(第5节的最后一句话)中也提到了这种分析的可能性,但认为仅在少数情况下适用。相反,我们认为基于语义角色的分析涵盖了与动画性相关的约束的最常见且最典型的示例,或者至少在那些动画性似乎与参数结构的编码相关的情况下涵盖了其中,差异对象标记(DOM)是一个很好的例子。我们的评论将仅限于DOM示例,并确认目标文章还涉及其他一些示例类型,这些类型主要来自Aristar(1997)。目标文章(第5节的最后一句话)中也提到了这种分析的可能性,但认为仅在少数情况下适用。相反,我们认为基于语义角色的分析涵盖了与动画性相关的约束的最常见且最典型的示例,或者至少在那些动画性似乎与参数结构的编码相关的情况下涵盖了其中,差异对象标记(DOM)是一个很好的例子。我们的评论将仅限于DOM示例,并确认目标文章还涉及其他一些示例类型,这些类型主要来自Aristar(1997)。目标文章(第5节的最后一句话)中也提到了这种分析的可能性,但认为仅在少数情况下适用。相反,我们认为基于语义角色的分析涵盖了与动画性相关的约束的最常见且最典型的示例,或者至少在那些动画性似乎与参数结构的编码相关的情况下涵盖了其中,差异对象标记(DOM)是一个很好的例子。我们的评论将仅限于DOM示例,并确认目标文章还涉及其他一些示例类型,这些类型主要来自Aristar(1997)。基于语义角色的分析涵盖了与动画性相关的约束的最常见且最典型的示例,或者至少在那些动画性似乎与参数结构的编码相关的情况下,其中差异对象标记(DOM)是主要的例子。我们的评论将仅限于DOM示例,并确认目标文章还涉及其他一些示例类型,这些类型主要来自Aristar(1997)。基于语义角色的分析涵盖了与动画性相关的约束的最常见且最典型的示例,或者至少在那些动画性似乎与参数结构的编码相关的情况下,其中差异对象标记(DOM)是主要的例子。我们的评论将仅限于DOM示例,并确认目标文章还涉及其他一些示例类型,这些类型主要来自Aristar(1997)。
更新日期:2018-05-25
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