The present paper discusses the problem of deriving quotational expressions (QEs) – a relatively unexplored field in the generative tradition – in the context of phase theory (PT). QEs are taken to be built within Narrow Syntax. While this fact is empirically well-motivated, it turns out to be conceptually problematic for cyclic derivations driven by feature makeup. Empirical data show that QEs represent a unique mixture of conflicting properties. On the one hand, they must be interpretable as both atomic and not. This extends to two readings of the embedding of enquotation, which are argued to follow from recursive and purely iterative, non-recursive interpretation. On the other hand, having no limits in length and scope, QEs are more challenging for PT than other noncompositional chunks. I argue that these effects unearth an important conceptual contrast. While they pose certain problems for the Minimalist approach, they naturally follow from the account of Narrow Syntax proposed by Jan-Wouter Zwart. In this regard the gap in applicability of each account to the discussed phenomenon sheds new light on the role of features in PT.

中文翻译：

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报价是功能驱动阶段的挑战：Zwart合并的争论

本文在相位理论（PT）的背景下，讨论了生成定额表达式（QE）的问题-生成传统中的一个相对未开发的领域。QE被认为是在Narrow Syntax中构建的。尽管从经验上讲这个事实是有动机的，但事实证明，对于由特征构成驱动的循环推导，在概念上存在问题。经验数据表明，量化宽松代表了冲突性质的独特混合。一方面，它们必须既可以被解释为原子的，也不能被解释为原子的。这延伸到对引用的嵌入的两种解读，据认为这是基于递归和纯粹迭代的非递归解释。另一方面，由于长度和范围没有限制，因此对于PT而言，QE比其他非组成部分更具挑战性。我认为这些影响揭示了重要的概念对比。尽管它们为极简主义方法带来了某些问题，但自然会沿用Jan-Wouter Zwart提出的Narrow Syntax的描述。在这方面，每个帐户对所讨论现象的适用性差距为PT中功能的作用提供了新的思路。