Abstract It is challenging to make empirical arguments either for or against the existence of verb-raising in head-final languages like Japanese since word order facts are not informative in such languages unlike in head-initial languages such as English and French. This article aims to make a novel argument for the existence of verb-raising in Japanese, based on facts about VP-fronting.

中文翻译：

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日语动词和副词

摘要在像日语这样的首字母最终语言中，提出实证论据来支持或反对是否存在动词上升是具有挑战性的，因为与诸如英语和法语这样的首字母缩写语言相比，此类语言中的词序事实不具有信息性。本文旨在基于VP前置的事实为日语中动词的存在提出新颖的论据。