In an effort to address the opioid epidemic, a majority of states recently passed some version of a Good Samaritan law (GSL) and/or a naloxone access law (NAL). Good Samaritan laws provide immunity from prosecution for drug possession to anyone who seeks medical assistance in the event of a drug overdose; NALs allow laypersons to administer naloxone, which temporarily counteracts the effects of an opioid overdose. Using data from the National Vital Statistics System multiple-cause-of-death mortality files for 1999–2014, this study is the first to examine the effects of these laws on overdose deaths involving opioids. The estimated effects of GSLs on opioid-related mortality are consistently negative but not statistically significant. Adoption of an NAL is associated with a statistically significant 9–10 percent reduction in opioid-related mortality, although the negative association between NALs and opioid-related mortality appears to be driven by early adopters—states that passed legislation before 2011.

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在我的朋友的帮助下：良好的撒玛利亚人和纳洛酮接触法对阿片类药物相关死亡的影响

为了解决阿片类药物的流行，大多数州最近通过了一些版本的《好撒玛利亚法律》（GSL）和/或纳洛酮接触法（NAL）。良好的撒玛利亚法律赋予在药物过量时寻求医疗救助的任何人免于拥有毒品的起诉；NAL允许外行人使用纳洛酮，这可以暂时抵消阿片类药物过量的影响。这项研究使用了国家生命统计系统1999-2014年多死因死亡率档案中的数据，首次研究了这些法律对阿片类药物过量死亡的影响。GSL对阿片类药物相关死亡率的估计影响始终为阴性，但无统计学意义。