This paper explores elements of open education within the context of higher education. After an introduction to the origins of open education and its theoretical foundations, the topics of open and distance learning, international education issues in open education, open educational practices and scholarship, open educational resources, MOOCs, prior learning accreditation and recognition, and learner characteristics are considered, following the framework of macro, meso, and micro levels of research in open and distance learning. Implications for future research at the macro, meso, and micro levels are then provided.

中文翻译：

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开放教育的要素：对未来研究的邀请

本文探讨了高等教育背景下的开放教育要素。在介绍了开放式教育的起源及其理论基础，开放式和远程学习的主题，开放式教育中的国际教育问题，开放式教育实践和奖学金，开放式教育资源，MOOC，先前学习认证和认可以及学习者特征之后在开放和远程学习的宏观，中观和微观研究框架下进行研究。然后提供了在宏观，中观和微观层面对未来研究的启示。