Sweden’s territorial sea and internal waters have experienced regular intrusions by submerged foreign submarines since the early 1950s. The response of the country to such intrusions is generally well-documented and mainly public. The present article offers an overview of the development of the relevant national legislation, the actual response of the naval forces, and the legal arguments invoked at national level to justify or dismiss use of force in self-defence or under another title. The article discusses the relevance of the immunity that submarines normally enjoy under international law and Sweden’s human-rights obligations, two issues that have been at the centre of the legal discourse. Particular attention is paid to developments since 2014 when a new round of “submarine hunts” started and led to the adoption of new measures both revising the existing laws and strengthening the defence forces.

中文翻译：

---

在瑞典内水和领海对疑似外国潜艇使用武力

自 1950 年代初以来，瑞典的领海和内水经常遭到外国潜艇的入侵。该国对此类入侵的反应通常有据可查，而且主要是公开的。本文概述了相关国家立法的发展、海军部队的实际反应以及在国家层面援引的法律论据，以证明或驳回以自卫或其他名义使用武力。文章讨论了潜艇通常根据国际法享有的豁免与瑞典的人权义务的相关性，这两个问题一直是法律讨论的中心。