Phonetic resources, like dialects and accents, are used in ethnic humour to build up a recognisable character that pokes fun at the stereotypes associated with a particular identity, sometimes with critical and political undertones. In this article, we examine the manipulation of one such resource, aspiration, used in performing and mocking one such cliched character, called the fake Sami. This character has a contested history in Finnish tourism and marketing practices, and is embedded in a long-standing debate about who can use emblems of Sami identity for economic purposes. Adopting a sociophonetic language regard and folk linguistics approaches ( Preston 2010 ; Niedzielski & Preston 2003 ) we explore how “fakeness” is constructed phonetically by the actors performing “Fake Sami” in an indigenous Sami television comedy show during a period of intense political debate in Finland over the legal definition of the category of indigenous Sami. By analysing the use of hyperbolic aspiration of a prominent feature of Lappish Finnish dialect, the non-initial syllable /h/-sound, we show how the fakeness is performed by evoking linguistic stereotypes of a Finnish Lappish dialect and a Finnish English accent by a deliberate misuse of aspiration: aspirating when standard phonemes in speech should not be aspirated and not aspirating when phonemes should be aspirated. We argue that this kind of deliberate ambivalence and misuse of phonetic resources is a phonetic resource for reflexive postmodern identity performances.

中文翻译：

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模拟假货

方言和口音之类的语音资源被用于民族幽默中，以建立一个可识别的角色，以嘲笑与特定身份相关的刻板印象，有时带有批判性和政治性。在本文中，我们研究了一种用于操纵和嘲笑这种脚人物（称为假萨米人）的资源（愿望）的操纵方式。这个人物在芬兰的旅游业和市场营销实践中拥有悠久的历史，并且长期存在于关于谁可以出于经济目的使用萨米人身份标志的争论中。采用社会语音语言和民间语言学方法（Preston，2010； Niedzielski和 普雷斯顿（2003）（Preston 2003），我们探讨了在芬兰就土著萨米人类别的法律定义进行激烈的政治辩论期间，表演“假萨米人”的演员在土著萨米人电视喜剧节目中如何用语音构造“假冒”。通过分析使用拉普兰方言的一个突出特征（非初始音节/ h /-声音）的双曲线吸引法，我们展示了如何通过唤起芬兰拉普方言和芬兰英语口音的语言刻板印象来实现伪造。故意滥用误吸：当不应该抽吸语音中的标准音素时就抽吸，而当应该抽吸音素时则不抽吸。我们认为，这种故意的歧义和滥用语音资源是反思性后现代身份表现的语音资源。