Abstract This paper presents a cross-linguistic typology of performatives, especially with respect to their relationship with tense and aspect, in the languages of the world. I explore the relationship between performatives and particular tenses and aspects, and touch on the mechanisms underlying such a relationship. The paper finds that there is not one relation between performatives and a particular tense and aspect and there are no languages which have a special (dedicated) performative tense or aspect marker. Instead, performatives are compatible with various tense and aspect markers, even though the use of a present tense seems to be the most common. What counts as the most optimal tense and aspect for performatives depends on the division of labor within the linguistic structure.

中文翻译：

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时态和方面的普遍性和语言依赖性：跨语言视角的表演者

摘要本文介绍了表演者的跨语言类型学，特别是在世界语言中，它们与时态和方面的关系。我探讨了表演者与特定时态和方面之间的关系，并探讨了这种关系所基于的机制。论文发现，表演者与特定时态和方面之间没有任何关系，也没有语言具有特殊（专用）表演时态或方面标记。取而代之的是，表演者与各种时态和方面标记兼容，即使现在时态的使用看来是最常见的。对于表演者来说，什么是最合适的时态和方面取决于语言结构内的分工。