Yang’s (2016) Price of Linguistic Productivity (PoLP) and the target article in this volume claim to offer a solution to the issue of how learners recognize when constructions (or “rules”) may be used productively. For example, the English prefix, pre-, is productive insofar as it can be applied to any noun or proper name that can be construed to evoke a temporal onset (pre-children, pre-tornado, precomputers; pre-Jon Stewart, pre-Melania, pre-Twister...). The suffix -ness which can be applied to adjectives to create nouns can also be applied productively (crumbliness dingbattiness), even though the productive suffix has a number of exceptions (??youngness; ??honestness). Yang suggests that productivity is determined by the following three key numbers:

中文翻译：

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充分性原则过度膨胀了生产力的价格

Yang (2016) Price of Linguistic Productivity (PoLP) 和本卷中的目标文章声称为学习者如何识别何时可以有效使用结构（或“规则”）的问题提供了解决方案。例如，英语前缀 pre- 是富有成效的，因为它可以应用于任何可以解释为唤起时间发作的名词或专有名称（pre-children、pre-tornado、precomputers；pre-Jon Stewart、pre - 梅拉尼娅，前 Twister ......）。可以应用于形容词以创建名词的后缀 -ness 也可以有效地应用（crumbliness dingbattiness），即使有效后缀有许多例外（??youngness;??honestness）。杨建议生产力由以下三个关键数字决定：