This study examines the determinants of Major League Soccer team attendance during the league’s recent era of growth. Estimates indicate that regular-season on-field performance is positively associated with attendance, but the returns to success are diminishing. Positive novelty effects are identified for newer teams and soccer-specific stadiums but not for stadium age. Income is positively associated with attendance, indicating that MLS matches are a normal good. Population size, the Hispanic share of population, the presence of other major-league franchises, and the number of designated players on a team do not appear to be strong determinants of seasonal attendance.

中文翻译：

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大联盟足球出勤率的决定因素

这项研究研究了联盟最近成长时期美国职业足球大联盟出勤的决定因素。估计表明常规赛场上表现与出勤率呈正相关，但成功的回报却在下降。对于较新的球队和足球专用体育场，发现了积极的新颖性效应，但对于体育场年龄却没有。收入与出勤率呈正相关，表明MLS匹配是正常商品。人口规模，西班牙裔人口比例，其他大联盟球队的存在以及球队中指定球员的数量似乎并不是季节性出勤的强力决定因素。