The colonial history of Australia necessitated contact between nineteenth and twentieth century dialects of English and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island languages. This has resulted in the emergence of contact languages, some of which have been identified as creoles (e.g. Sandefur 1979, Shnukal 1983) while others have been hidden under the label of ‘Aboriginal English’, exacerbated by what Young (1997) described as a gap in our knowledge of historical analyses of individual speech varieties. In this paper we provide detailed sociohistorical data on the emergence of a contact language in Woorabinda, an ex-Government Reserve in Queensland. We propose that the data shows that the label ‘Aboriginal English’ previously applied (Alexander 1968) does not accurately identify the language. Here we compare the sociohistorical data for Woorabinda to similar data for both Kriol, a creole spoken in the Northern Territory of Australia and to Bajan, an ‘intermediate creole’ of Barbados, to argue that the language spoken in Woorabinda is most likely also an intermediate creole.

中文翻译：

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对澳大利亚土著英语为主的语音变种的重新思考：来自伍拉宾达的证据

澳大利亚的殖民历史需要在19世纪和20世纪的英语方言与土著语言和托雷斯海峡群岛语言之间进行联系。这导致了接触语言的出现，其中一些被确定为克里奥尔语（例如Sandefur 1979，Snukal 1983），而另一些则被隐藏在“原住民英语”的标签下，而Young（1997）所描述的则加剧了这种情况。我们对单个语音变体的历史分析知识的差距。在本文中，我们提供了有关昆士兰州前政府保护区伍拉宾达的一种联系语言出现的详细社会历史数据。我们认为数据表明先前使用的“原住民英语”标签（Alexander 1968）不能准确识别该语言。