This paper examines how politicians employ metaphors to express starting points in British parliamentary debates. Because these metaphors are conceptual tools that may have presuppositions and entailments that are not in line with the ideas and values of all discussion parties, political opponents can resist them by advancing argumentative criticisms. This paper aims to explore how different types of metaphor can be used to express starting points, and how various types of responses can be instrumental to achieving diverging outcomes in the discussion stage at which starting points are commonly decided. To this end, we present a number of case studies of resistance to metaphorically expressed starting points found in British Public Bill Committee debates. Our analysis reveals that metaphors can be important strategies in parliamentary debates when starting points are established between parties, and that resisting them seems to be a pertinent skill.

中文翻译：

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我没有说政府应该掠夺任何人的储蓄

本文研究了政治家如何在英国议会辩论中使用隐喻来表达起点。由于这些隐喻是概念工具，可能具有与所有讨论方的思想和价值观不符的预设和蕴涵，政治对手可以通过提出议论性批评来抵制它们。本文旨在探讨如何使用不同类型的隐喻来表达起点，以及在共同决定起点的讨论阶段，各种类型的反应如何有助于实现不同的结果。为此，我们提出了一些抵制在英国公共法案委员会辩论中发现的隐喻表达起点的案例研究。