The labor supply effects of becoming a grandmother are not well established in the empirical literature. We estimate the effect of becoming a grandmother on the labor supply decision of older workers. Under the assumption that grandmothers cannot predict the exact date of conception of their grandchild, we identify the effect of the first grandchild on employment (extensive margin). Our Timing-of-Events approach shows that having a first grandchild increases the probability of leaving prematurely the labor market. This effect is stronger when informal childcare is more valuable to the mother. To estimate the effect of an additional grandchild (intensive margin), we assume that the incidence of a twin birth among the third generation is not correlated with unobserved determinants of the grandmother's labor supply (first generation). Our respective 2SLS estimation shows a significant effect of further grandchildren. Our results highlight the important influence of the extended family on the decisions of older workers and point to mediating effects of different institutional settings.

中文翻译：

---

祖母的劳动力供应

成为祖母的劳动力供给效应在实证文献中并没有得到很好的确立。我们估计了成为祖母对老年工人劳动力供给决策的影响。在祖母无法预测孙子受孕的确切日期的假设下，我们确定了第一个孙子对就业的影响（大范围）。我们的事件发生时间方法表明，拥有第一个孙子会增加过早离开劳动力市场的可能性。当非正式儿童保育对母亲更有价值时，这种效果会更强。为了估计额外孙子（密集边际）的影响，我们假设第三代双胞胎的发生率与祖母劳动力供应（第一代）的未观察决定因素无关。我们各自的 2SLS 估计显示了更多孙子的显着影响。我们的结果强调了大家庭对老年工人决策的重要影响，并指出了不同制度环境的中介作用。