This paper provides a novel view on marginalia from the perspective of linguistic pragmatics. It is based on the observation that existing studies often exclude entries in medieval manuscripts that do not comment on the text directly. Many of them, however, are crucial for understanding what medieval monks did when they studied manuscripts. Searle’s (1969) Speech Act Theory, his typology of illocutionary forces, offers a suitable framework for the systematic analysis of the different kinds of manuscript entries and to reconstruct the intellectual contexts of medieval glossing. We can see that in addition to assertives (i.e., glosses that provide further information on a specific text passage) expressives, directives, commissives and declaratives can also be identified in the margins of medieval manuscripts. Sometimes, even the perlocution of marginalia, their effect on medieval readers, can be traced today.

中文翻译：

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如何用光泽做事

本文从语言语用学的角度对边缘现象提出了新的看法。它基于这样一种观察，即现有的研究经常排除中世纪手稿中没有直接评论文本的条目。然而，其中许多对于理解中世纪僧侣在研究手稿时所做的事情至关重要。Searle (1969) 的言语行为理论，他的言外力类型学，为系统分析不同类型的手稿条目和重建中世纪语言的知识背景提供了一个合适的框架。我们可以看到，除了断言（即提供有关特定文本段落的更多信息的注释）之外，还可以在中世纪手稿的页边空白处识别表达、指示、承诺和声明。有时，