Foreign language learning manuals can be valuable sources for the history of pragmatics and historical pragmatics. They may contain explicit guidance on pragmatics not found in native-speaker grammars: for example, accounts of German forms of address in seventeenth and eighteenth-century English-German manuals provide evidence of changing views on the appropriateness of ihr and Sie earlier than does the “native” grammatical tradition. The bilingual model dialogues typical of such manuals may also implicitly model appropriate linguistic behaviour, demonstrated here by examining the communicative genre of bargaining in a series of three related English-Dutch language manuals of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Furthermore, the dialogues may provide metalinguistic comment on linguistic behaviour, for example criticizing the culture of excessive negative politeness. Such sources can enrich our knowledge of language use and attitudes to language use in the area of politeness, complementing the evidence to be gleaned from mainstream native grammars, civility manuals, merchants’ guides, and the like.

中文翻译：

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挖掘语用史外语教学手册

外语学习手册可以成为语用学史和历史语用学的宝贵资源。它们可能包含在母语语法中没有的关于语用学的明确指导：例如，17 和 18 世纪英德手册中对德语形式的描述提供了证据，表明对 ihr 和 Sie 的适当性的看法发生变化的时间早于“本土”的语法传统。此类手册典型的双语模型对话也可能隐含地模拟适当的语言行为，这里通过检查 17 和 18 世纪三本相关的英荷语言手册中讨价还价的交际类型来证明。此外，对话可以提供对语言行为的元语言评论，例如批评过度消极礼貌的文化。这些资源可以丰富我们在礼貌领域的语言使用知识和对语言使用的态度，补充从主流本土语法、文明手册、商人指南等中收集的证据。