This study explores the mediation effect of transformational leadership in the relationship between leaders’ personality characteristics and effectiveness. Data from 210 students in a managerial role, and from 3,766 students in a subordinate role, were obtained during a four-month-long Management Simulation Game and analysed using multilevel structural equation modelling. Transformational leadership mediated the effect of leaders’ agreeableness and conscientiousness on group performance, perceived leader effectiveness, and leadership emergence. Extraversion, openness to experience and neuroticism were not linked to transformational leadership or any indicator of leader effectiveness. Intelligence predicted neither transformational leadership, nor group performance and leadership emergence. Along with other studies, this study emphasizes conscientiousness as the personality characteristic that influences leadership and leaders' effectiveness in various cultures and situations. Agreeableness may be an important leader trait in specific conditions and its influence may be moderated by context. The results must be interpreted with the knowledge that they were obtained in a simulation game environment on a sample of students.

中文翻译：

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领导者特质，变革型领导者和领导者效能：捷克共和国的调解研究

本研究探讨了变革型领导对领导者人格特征与效能之间关系的中介作用。在为期四个月的“管理模拟游戏”中，获得了来自210名管理角色学生和3,766名从属角色学生的数据，并使用多级结构方程模型进行了分析。变革型领导介导了领导者的谦和与否对团队绩效，感知到的领导者有效性和领导者出现的影响。外向性，开放经验和神经质与变革型领导力或领导力有效性的任何指标均无关。情报既不能预测变革型领导，也不能预测团队绩效和领导力的出现。随着其他研究，这项研究强调尽责性是影响领导者和领导者在各种文化和情况下的效能的人格特征。在特定条件下，和may可亲是一个重要的领导特质，其影响力可能会因情境而缓和。必须以在模拟游戏环境中从学生样本中获得的知识来解释结果。