Despite continued empirical support for a relationship between group cohesion and therapeutic gain, few studies have attempted to examine predictors of cohesion during the life of counseling groups. The present investigation explored the impact of client variables, group characteristics, and first-session leader behaviors on changes in cohesion across time. Participants were 128 volunteer clients and 14 group therapists participating in 23 separate 8-week-long counseling groups. Results of latent growth curve (LGC) analysis indicated that a piecewise, linear-quadratic model best fit the data at the individual level, while a simplified linear model best fit the data at the group level. Overall, individual differences accounted for 80-97% of the total variance in cohesion intercept and slope terms, with the included covariates explaining 9-39% of this variation. Significant individual-level covariates were gender and anxious and avoidant attachment. The only significant group-level predictor was an interaction effect between leadership behaviors in the first session. Specifically, when leaders performed a high number of structuring behaviors in the absence of facilitating emotional sharing, cohesion was lower at the end of the first session. Limitations, areas of future research, and implications for the theory and practice of brief group counseling are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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团体咨询中的凝聚力变化建模：来访者特征、团体变量和领导行为的作用。

尽管对团体凝聚力和治疗收益之间的关系不断有实证支持，但很少有研究试图检查咨询团体生活中凝聚力的预测因素。本调查探讨了客户变量、群体特征和第一届领导者行为对凝聚力随时间变化的影响。参与者是 128 名志愿者客户和 14 名团体治疗师，他们参加了 23 个为期 8 周的独立咨询小组。潜在增长曲线 (LGC) 分析的结果表明，分段线性二次模型最适合个体层面的数据，而简化的线性模型最适合群体层面的数据。总体而言，个体差异占内聚截距和斜率项总方差的 80-97%，包含的协变量解释了这种变化的 9-39%。显着的个体水平协变量是性别、焦虑和回避依恋。唯一重要的组级预测因素是第一次会议中领导行为之间的交互作用。具体而言，当领导者在没有促进情感分享的情况下执行大量结构化行为时，在第一次会议结束时凝聚力较低。讨论了简短团体咨询的局限性、未来研究领域以及对理论和实践的影响。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2019 APA，保留所有权利）。具体而言，当领导者在没有促进情感分享的情况下执行大量结构化行为时，在第一次会议结束时凝聚力较低。讨论了简短团体咨询的局限性、未来研究领域以及对理论和实践的影响。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2019 APA，保留所有权利）。具体而言，当领导者在没有促进情感分享的情况下执行大量结构化行为时，在第一次会议结束时凝聚力较低。讨论了简短团体咨询的局限性、未来研究领域以及对理论和实践的影响。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2019 APA，保留所有权利）。