The negative impacts of racism, including experiences of racial trauma, are well documented (e.g., Bryant-Davis & Ocampo, 2006; Carter, 2007). Because of the deleterious effects of racial trauma on Black people, interventions that facilitate the resistance and prevention of anti-Black racism are needed. Critical consciousness is one such intervention, as it is often seen as a prerequisite of resistance and liberation (Prilleltensky, 2003, 2008). To understand how individuals advance from being aware of anti-Black racism to engaging in actions to prevent and resist racial trauma, nonconfidential interviews with 12 Black Lives Matter activists were conducted. Using constructivist grounded theory (Charmaz, 2014) under critical-ideological and Black feminist-womanist lenses, a model of Critical Consciousness of Anti-Black Racism (CCABR) was co-constructed. The 3 processes involved in developing CCABR include: witnessing anti-Black racism, processing anti-Black racism, and acting critically against anti-Black racism. This model, including each of the categories and subcategories, are detailed herein and supported with quotations. The findings and discussion provide context-rich and practical approaches to help Black people, and counseling psychologists who serve them, prevent and resist racial trauma. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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反黑人种族主义的批判意识：预防和抵抗种族创伤的实用模式。

种族主义的负面影响，包括种族创伤的经历，已有详细记录（例如，Bryant-Davis & Ocampo，2006；Carter，2007）。由于种族创伤对黑人产生有害影响，因此需要采取干预措施来促进抵抗和预防反黑人种族主义。批判意识就是这样一种干预措施，因为它通常被视为抵抗和解放的先决条件（Prilleltensky，2003，2008）。为了了解个人如何从意识到反黑人种族主义发展到采取行动预防和抵制种族创伤，我们对 12 名“黑人生命也是命”活动人士进行了非保密采访。在批判意识形态和黑人女权主义-女性主义的视角下，使用建构主义扎根理论（Charmaz，2014）共同构建了反黑人种族主义批判意识（CCABR）模型。制定 CCABR 涉及的 3 个过程包括：见证反黑人种族主义、处理反黑人种族主义以及批判性地反对反黑人种族主义。该模型（包括每个类别和子类别）在本文中进行了详细说明并提供了报价支持。研究结果和讨论提供了背景丰富且实用的方法来帮助黑人，并为为他们服务的心理学家提供咨询，预防和抵抗种族创伤。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。