The alliance is widely recognized as a robust predictor of posttreatment outcomes. However, there is a debate regarding whether the alliance is an epiphenomenon of intake characteristics and/or treatment processes occurring over the course of treatment. This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the evidence on this issue. We identified 125 effect sizes in 60 independent samples (6,061 participants) of studies that reported alliance-outcome correlations as well as parallel intake or process characteristics. We examined the impact of these potential confounds on the alliance-outcome correlations. We meta-analyzed the studies estimates by computing omnibus effects models as well as multivariate models. We identified 3 variable types that were used to adjust the alliance-outcome correlations: (a) intake characteristics (k = 35); (b) simultaneous processes, such as adherence or competence (k = 13); and (c) both intake and simultaneous processes (k = 24). We found moderate alliance-outcome correlations with or without adjustments for intake and simultaneous processes (range from r = .23 to r = .31). Our results provide robust empirical evidence for the assertion that the alliance-outcome association is an independent process-based factor. Findings suggest that alliance is positively related to outcome above and beyond the studied patient intake characteristics and treatment processes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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评估根据患者特征和治疗过程调整的联盟-结果关联：直接比较的元分析总结。

该联盟被广泛认为是治疗后结果的可靠预测指标。然而，关于该联盟是否是在治疗过程中发生的摄入特征和/或治疗过程的附带现象存在争议。这项荟萃分析旨在综合关于这个问题的证据。我们在报告联盟结果相关性以及平行摄入或过程特征的 60 个独立样本（6,061 名参与者）中确定了 125 个效应量。我们研究了这些潜在的混杂因素对联盟-结果相关性的影响。我们通过计算综合效应模型和多变量模型对研究估计进行了元分析。我们确定了 3 种用于调整联盟-结果相关性的变量类型：(a) 摄入特征 (k = 35)；(b) 同时进行的过程，例如依从性或能力（k = 13）；(c) 吸入和同步过程 (k = 24)。我们发现在调整或不调整摄入量和同步过程（范围从 r = .23 到 r = .31）的情况下，联盟-结果的相关性中等。我们的结果为联盟-结果关联是一个独立的基于过程的因素的断言提供了强有力的经验证据。研究结果表明，联盟与超出研究的患者摄入特征和治疗过程的结果呈正相关。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。23 到 r = .31）。我们的结果为联盟-结果关联是一个独立的基于过程的因素的断言提供了强有力的经验证据。研究结果表明，联盟与超出研究的患者摄入特征和治疗过程的结果呈正相关。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。23 到 r = .31）。我们的结果为联盟-结果关联是一个独立的基于过程的因素的断言提供了强有力的经验证据。研究结果表明，联盟与超出研究的患者摄入特征和治疗过程的结果呈正相关。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。