A wolf (Canis lupus) is a charismatic species which was heavily hunted and exterminated in the large part of Europe. Therefore, for most of the Europeans, attitudes towards wolves are not constructed on their primary experiences, but on sources such as Grimm’s fairy tales (e.g. Little Red Riding Hood) where wolves are portrayed in a negative way (Kellert, 1985b). Negative attitudes towards wolves are an important factor of their abundance decrease (Majić Skrbinšek, 2012). Chapron et al. (2014) concluded that conservation of large carnivore species is only effective if positive public attitudes, besides implementation of actions which support human-carnivore coexistence and protective legislation, are considered. The big question is what can be done in schools to lower fears and change negative attitudes toward positive ones in order to help in wolf conservation efforts. A wolf is the second most common species among large carnivores in Slovenia and Europe. Beside wolves, Slovenia is inhabited by brown bears (Ursus arctos), which are the most common and, Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) (Chapron et al., 2014) and, since 2005, the golden jackal (Canis aureus) (Krofel, 2009; Krofel & Potočnik, 2008). The core area of wolf inhabitation is the south-western part of Slovenia. The population belongs to a wider Dinaric-Balkan population (Majić Skrbinšek, 2012) and consists of approximately 60 individuals (Bartol et al., 2017). Wolves prefer wide areas, where large prey abundance is high and disturbance is low (Jonozovič, 2003), but can also greatly adapt to live in human-dominated habitats (Chapron et al., 2014). Although, wolf populations and their habitats need to be preserved, one should be aware of the significance of human-wolf coexistence (Jonozovič, 2003). In Slovenia, from 1991 onwards, law protects wolves and other large carnivore species. Besides their inclusion in the Regulation on protected and wild animal species (Ur. l. RS, n. 46/04) and the Nature Conservation Act (ZON-UPB2) (Ur. l. RS, n. 96/04), several of documents defining obligations for aforementioned species protection were adopted. Until now, many research studies assessing attitudes or perceptions towards different animal species were performed. They were focusing either on the animals that are disliked such as invertebrates (Kellert, 1993; Killermann, 1996), spiders, bats, snakes (Prokop, Özel, & Uşak, 2009; Prokop & Tunnicliffe, 2008, 2010; Tomažič, 2011a), endangered, i.e. amphibians Abstract. Wolf (Canis lupus) conservation is multidimensional. Its aspects include the consensus between different interest groups. The present research aimed to assess the attitude and knowledge of the students (N = 483 students from three schools age 14-19) enrolled in the environmentalist, veterinary and agricultural technician study programmes through a questionnaire, as their profession represents a part of this multidimensional consensus. The research results indicate that students have neutral to positive attitudes toward wolves, generally. Their knowledge of wolves, however, is limited. Agricultural technicians showed the most negative attitudes toward wolves and the lowest knowledge. Overall, correlations between all attitudinal dimensions and correlations between attitudinal dimensions and knowledge were found, with the highest correlations between conservation dimension and all other dimensions including knowledge. The research findings support the widespread assumption that education within the above-mentioned study programmes should focus also on the current socio-scientific issues of animal conservation. Special attention should be given to the education of agricultural technicians as their utilitarian view could interfere with the effective conservation of large carnivores.

中文翻译：

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职业高中学生对狼的认识与态度

狼（Canis lupus）是一种极具魅力的物种，在欧洲大部分地区遭到大量猎杀和灭绝。因此，对于大多数欧洲人来说，对狼的态度不是建立在他们的主要经历之上，而是建立在诸如格林童话（例如小红帽）以负面方式描绘狼的来源上（Kellert，1985b）。对狼的负面态度是其数量减少的一个重要因素（Majić Skrbinšek，2012）。Chapron 等人。（2014 年）得出的结论是，除了采取支持人类与食肉动物共存和保护立法的行动之外，只有在考虑到积极的公众态度时，大型食肉动物物种的保护才能有效。最大的问题是学校可以做些什么来降低恐惧并改变对积极恐惧的消极态度，以帮助狼保护工作。狼是斯洛文尼亚和欧洲大型食肉动物中第二常见的物种。除了狼，斯洛文尼亚居住着棕熊（Ursus arctos），这是最常见的，欧亚猞猁（Lynx lynx）（Chapron 等人，2014 年）以及自 2005 年以来，金豺（Canis aureus）（Krofel， 2009 年；克罗费尔和波托奇尼克，2008 年）。狼栖息的核心区域是斯洛文尼亚的西南部。该种群属于更广泛的 Dinaric-Balkan 种群（Majić Skrbinšek，2012 年），由大约 60 个人组成（Bartol 等人，2017 年）。狼喜欢广阔的区域，那里的大猎物丰度高，干扰低（Jonozovič，2003），但也可以极大地适应生活在人类主导的栖息地（Chapron 等，2014）。尽管需要保护狼群及其栖息地，但人们应该意识到人狼共存的重要性（Jonozovič，2003）。在斯洛文尼亚，从 1991 年起，法律保护狼和其他大型食肉动物。除了它们被列入关于受保护和野生动物物种的条例（Ur. l. RS，n. 46/04）和自然保护法（ZON-UPB2）（Ur. l. RS，n. 96/04）之外，一些通过了定义上述物种保护义务的文件。到目前为止，已经进行了许多评估对不同动物物种的态度或看法的研究。他们要么专注于不喜欢的动物，如无脊椎动物 (Kellert, 1993; Killermann, 1996)、蜘蛛、蝙蝠、蛇 (Prokop, Özel, & 乌沙克，2009 年；Prokop & Tunnicliffe, 2008, 2010; Tomažič, 2011a), 濒危，即两栖动物 摘要。狼 (Canis lupus) 保护是多维的。它的方面包括不同利益集团之间的共识。本研究旨在通过问卷评估参加环保、兽医和农业技术人员学习计划的学生（N = 483 名学生，来自三所 14-19 岁的学生）的态度和知识，因为他们的职业代表了这一多维度的一部分。共识。研究结果表明，一般来说，学生对狼的积极态度是中性的。然而，他们对狼的了解是有限的。农业技术人员对狼的态度最为消极，知识水平最低。全面的，发现了所有态度维度之间的相关性以及态度维度与知识之间的相关性，其中保护维度与包括知识在内的所有其他维度之间的相关性最高。研究结果支持普遍假设，即上述研究计划中的教育也应关注动物保护的当前社会科学问题。应特别注意农业技术人员的教育，因为他们的功利主义观点可能会干扰大型食肉动物的有效保护。研究结果支持普遍假设，即上述研究计划中的教育也应关注动物保护的当前社会科学问题。应特别注意农业技术人员的教育，因为他们的功利主义观点可能会干扰大型食肉动物的有效保护。研究结果支持普遍假设，即上述研究计划中的教育也应关注动物保护的当前社会科学问题。应特别注意农业技术人员的教育，因为他们的功利主义观点可能会干扰大型食肉动物的有效保护。