Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is a topic of considerable importance for organizational scholars and practitioners. Yet, despite a wide-ranging consensus that negative affect (NA) is a precursor to CWB, there is surprisingly little consensus as to whether CWB enactment will subsequently lead to lower or higher levels of NA. That is, scholars disagree as to whether CWB has a reparative (negative) or generative (positive) effect on subsequent NA. We submit that both perspectives have validity, and thus the question should not be whether CWB is associated with lower or higher subsequent levels of NA, but rather for whom. This article is dedicated to answering this question. Drawing from the behavioral concordance model, we position empathy as a moderator of this relationship, such that CWB will be reparative for those with lower levels of empathy and generative for those with higher levels of empathy. Findings across 3 experience-sampling studies support our hypotheses and highlight a number of interesting directions for future research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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CWB 是修复负面情感状态还是产生负面情感状态？检查特质同理心的调节作用。

适得其反的工作行为 (CWB) 是组织学者和从业者相当重要的话题。然而，尽管人们普遍认为负面影响 (NA) 是 CWB 的前兆，但对于 CWB 的颁布是否会随后导致 NA 水平降低或升高，却鲜有共识。也就是说，学者们不同意 CWB 对随后的 NA 是否具有修复性（负面）或生成性（正面）影响。我们认为这两种观点都是有效的，因此问题不应该是 CWB 是否与较低或较高的后续 NA 水平相关，而是与谁相关。本文致力于回答这个问题。从行为一致性模型中，我们将同理心定位为这种关系的调节器，这样，CWB 将修复那些具有较低同理心的人，并为那些具有较高同理心的人提供生成。3 项经验抽样研究的结果支持我们的假设，并突出了未来研究的许多有趣方向。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。