In recent years, there has been heightened interest in the active role of employees in shaping activities and experiences in their pursuit of optimal functioning (i.e., feeling and performing well), referred to as job-, leisure-, home-, and work-life balance crafting. Various perspectives have emphasized distinct dimensions within the crafting process (i.e., motives, behaviors, life domains, and outcomes), yielding a rich but fragmented theoretical account. With psychological needs satisfaction as the underlying process, we propose an integrative model to account for past conceptualizations of crafting motives and efforts across a person's various role identities. This integration highlights the importance of recognizing unfulfilled needs, matching needs and crafting efforts, within- and between-level temporal dynamics of the crafting process, and possibilities for spillover and compensation processes across identity domains. Accordingly, the Integrative Needs Model of Crafting explains (1) why and how people craft, (2) when and why crafting efforts may (not) be effective in achieving optimal functioning, (3) the sequential process of crafting over time, and (4) how crafting processes unfold across different identity domains. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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基于身份的综合需求手工制作模型：生活领域内和跨生活领域的制作。

近年来，人们对员工在追求最佳功能（即感觉和表现良好）（即工作、休闲、家庭和工作）中塑造活动和体验的积极作用越来越感兴趣。生活平衡制作。各种观点强调了制作过程中的不同维度（即动机、行为、生活领域和结果），产生了丰富但支离破碎的理论解释。以心理需求满足为基本过程，我们提出了一个综合模型来解释过去在一个人的各种角色身份中制作动机和努力的概念化。这种整合强调了识别未满足的需求、匹配需求和制作工作、制作过程的层内和层间时间动态的重要性，以及跨身份域的溢出和补偿过程的可能性。因此，手工艺的综合需求模型解释了（1）人们为什么以及如何进行手工艺，（2）手工艺工作何时以及为什么可能（不）有效地实现最佳功能，（3）随着时间的推移手工艺的顺序过程，以及（ 4）制作过程如何在不同的身份域中展开。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。