The main objective of the paper is to examine if 'Mode 3' universities represent a new and advanced type of an entrepreneurial university, perhaps transcending the entrepreneurial university, and identify the specific characteristics of 'Mode 3' universities. According to its definition, a 'Mode 3' university represents a type of organisation capable of higher order learning and in this regard a type of open, highly complex, and non-linear knowledge production system that seeks and realises creative ways of combining, recombining, and integrating different principles of knowledge production and knowledge application (e.g., 'Mode 1' and 'Mode 2'). Thus, 'Mode 3' universities clearly encourage diversity and heterogeneity, while they emphasise and engender creative and innovative organisational contexts for research, education, and innovation. Several examples are offered in this context in order to demonstrate how and why the concept of 'Mode 3' universities is better endowed for addressing the current and future challenges compared to a simple 'entrepreneurial university' approach. The full exploration of 'Mode 3' universities furthermore demands a strong linkage and contextualisation with (entrepreneurial) ecosystems.

中文翻译：

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“模式3”大学和学术公司：超越竞争的思维，在竞争性企业家生态系统中实现跨学科和非线性创新动力

本文的主要目的是研究“模式3”大学是否代表了一种新兴的和先进的企业家型大学，也许超越了该创业型大学，并确定了“模式3”大学的具体特征。根据其定义，“模式3”大学代表的是一种能够进行高阶学习的组织，在这方面，它是一种开放的，高度复杂的，非线性的知识生产系统，其寻求并实现创新的组合，重组方式，并整合了知识生产和知识应用的不同原理（例如“模式1”和“模式2”）。因此，“模式3”大学明显鼓励多样性和异质性，他们强调并促成用于研究，教育和创新的创新性组织环境。在此背景下提供了几个示例，以说明与简单的“创业型大学”方法相比，“模式三”型大学如何更好地被赋予了优势，以应对当前和未来的挑战。此外，对“模式3”大学的全面探索还要求与（企业家）生态系统建立牢固的联系和环境。