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Toidɨkadɨ (Cattail-Eaters) of Stillwater Marsh
International Journal of American Linguistics ( IF 0.378 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1086/707233
Tim Thornes

Wuzzie George (b. ~1880, d. December 20, 1984) was, by all accounts, a true keeper of traditional knowledge. Over the course of more than three decades, she provided detailed ethnographic information about her people, the Toidɨkadɨ (Cattail-Eaters), for ethnographer Margaret Wheat (1967) and anthropologist and historical linguist Catherine S. Fowler (1992). Wuzzie also had an ongoing working relationship with the intrepid folklorist Sven Liljeblad, as evidenced by this prayer,which she composed for him in Fallon,Nevada, during a timeof illness. Liljeblad later carefully transcribed it and gave it a free translation, and the first tier represents his transcription using a slightly modified version of the system he used for Bannock, due, in large part, to the need to accommodate the three consonant grades of the southern dialect area. A colon [:] is used to indicate vowel length, and a single, raised dot [ ] indicates fortition (gemination) of voiced consonants. Fortition versus lenition is elsewhere represented as a voicing contrast—voiceless (fortis) versus voiced (lenis), respectively. Stress is marked in this system, providing clues as to clitic versus affix boundaries, which are fully analyzed in tiers two and three, eliminating the need for stress placement, which is completely predictable and regular. Despite the in-depth ethnographic information available, almost no published narrative material exists from this variety. Prayer as a narrative genre has not been widely explored (Fowler and Abel 2000 is a notable exception). Likely for reasons of privacy and cultural sensitivity, prayers do not often appear in documentary corpora. This particular prayer is reprinted from Fowler, George, and Hultkranz (1998) as part of an homage to Liljeblad. The parsing and interlinear analysis are by Thornes.

中文翻译:

斯蒂尔沃特沼泽的 Toidɨkadɨ(香蒲食者)

Wuzzie George(生于 1880 年,卒于 1984 年 12 月 20 日)是传统知识的真正守护者。在超过三十年的时间里,她为民族志学家玛格丽特·惠特 (1967) 和人类学家和历史语言学家凯瑟琳·S·福勒 (1992) 提供了关于她的族人 Toidɨkadɨ (Cattail-Eaters) 的详细民族志信息。Wuzzie 还与勇敢的民俗学家 Sven Liljeblad 保持着持续的工作关系,正如她在生病期间在内华达州法伦为他创作的祈祷文所证明的那样。Liljeblad 后来仔细转录并免费翻译,第一层代表他的转录使用他用于 Bannock 的系统的稍微修改版本,这在很大程度上是因为需要适应南部的三个辅音等级方言区。冒号 [: ] 用于表示元音长度,单个凸起的点 [ ] 表示浊辅音的强音(产生)。Fortition 与 lenition 在其他地方被表示为清音对比——分别是清音 (fortis) 与浊音 (lenis)。重音在这个系统中被标记,提供关于 clitic 与词缀边界的线索,在第二层和第三层中进行了全面分析,消除了对压力放置的需要,这是完全可预测和规则的。尽管可以获得深入的人种学信息,但几乎没有这种类型的已发表叙事材料。祈祷作为一种叙事体裁尚未得到广泛探索(Fowler 和 Abel 2000 是一个显着的例外)。可能出于隐私和文化敏感性的原因,祈祷文并不经常出现在文献语料库中。这个特别的祈祷是从福勒转载的,George 和 Hultkranz (1998) 作为向 Liljeblad 致敬的一部分。解析和线性间分析由 Thornes 完成。
更新日期:2020-04-01
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