This paper offers new evidence on the impacts of school finance reforms (SFRs) precipitated by school finance litigation, exploring the extent to which the impact of SFR differs by district racial composition. Using difference-in-differences and event study models with a series of district and year (or state-by-year) fixed effects, and a sixteen-year panel of over 10,000 school districts, my analyses exploit variation in funding across school districts, and timing of school finance court orders across states, to estimate the effect of SFR on the distribution of district funding by racial composition. Models include relevant control variables available in national data and results are robust to numerous alternative specifications, including estimating impacts on percent changes in resources (in addition to levels), restricting analyses to districts in SFR states, controlling for additional covariates available in only some years and some states, and adding controls for state-specific time trends. In addition, I estimate changes in New York State to assess whether and to what extent results are sensitive to additional controls for revenue-raising capacity and district costs. Results suggest that SFR can work to alleviate racial funding gaps, though impacts are moderate.

中文翻译：

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学校财务改革是否会减少学校经费中的种族差距？

本文为由学校财务诉讼引发的学校财务改革（SFR）的影响提供了新的证据，探讨了SFR的影响在不同程度上因地区种族组成而异。我使用差异性和事件研究模型，这些模型具有一系列地区和年度（或逐年）固定影响，以及一个由10,000多个学区组成的16年小组，我的分析利用了学区资金的差异，和各州的学校财务法院命令的时间安排，以根据种族组成来评估SFR对地区资金分配的影响。模型包括国家数据中可用的相关控制变量，并且结果对于许多替代规范都具有鲁棒性，包括估算对资源变化百分比（除了水平）的影响，将分析限制在SFR州中，控制仅在某些年份和某些州可用的其他协变量，并添加针对特定州时间趋势的控件。此外，我估计纽约州的变化，以评估结果是否以及在何种程度上对收入增加能力和地区成本的其他控制措施敏感。结果表明，尽管影响适度，但SFR可以缓解种族资金缺口。