A frequently debated question is whether the use of intellectual property (IP) protection benefits the residents of low and middle income countries. We contribute to this debate with an analysis of the use of patents and trademarks by firms in Chile over the decade 1995-2005 as the then middle-income country experienced rapid economic growth. Using a novel dataset containing the merge of detailed firm-level information from the annual manufacturing census with firms’ patent and trademark filings with the Chilean IP office, we look at how IP use by companies has changed over time and analyze the determinants of and outcomes from their use, in particular first-time use. We find that firm growth prompts first-time use of patents and trademarks, though such use does not change the growth trajectory of firms nor does it improve their total factor productivity.

中文翻译：

---

知识产权使用和企业绩效：智利案例

一个经常争论的问题是使用知识产权 (IP) 保护是否有利于低收入和中等收入国家的居民。我们分析了智利公司在 1995 年至 2005 年间在 1995 年至 2005 年间经济快速增长时对专利和商标的使用情况，为这场辩论做出了贡献。使用一个新的数据集，该数据集包含来自年度制造业普查的详细公司级信息与公司向智利知识产权局提交的专利和商标申请的合并，我们研究了公司对知识产权的使用如何随时间变化，并分析了决定因素和结果从他们的使用，特别是第一次使用。我们发现公司的增长会促进专利和商标的首次使用，