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Optimizing Choice Architectures
Decision Analysis ( IF 1.703 ) Pub Date : 2019-03-01 , DOI: 10.1287/deca.2018.0379
Mark Schneider 1 , Cary Deck 1 , Mikhael Shor 2 , Tibor Besedeš 3 , Sudipta Sarangi 4
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This paper investigates decision quality in large choice sets across several choice architectures in three studies. In the first controlled experiment, we manipulate two features of a choice architecture—the response mode (for ranking alternatives) and presentation mode (for presenting alternatives). Our design objectively ranks all 16 choice options in each choice set and makes it possible to observe decision quality directly, independent of attitudes toward risk. We find joint presentation outperforms separate presentation and that choice response modes outperform “happiness ratings,†which outperform hypothetical monetary valuations. We also apply classic welfare criteria to assess the performance of the architectures. Our key finding is that low cognitive reflection subjects (as measured by the cognitive reflection test) perform better given a large choice set than given smaller sets collectively containing the same alternatives. This illustrates a basic tradeoff confronting choice architectures: for a fixed choice set, fewer options improve decision quality within that set but require architectures to elicit multiple responses, increasing opportunities for errors. One follow-up study demonstrates the robustness of the response mode result in a comparison using the tournament presentation mode. A second follow-up study reveals that the impact of incentivizing monetary valuations depends on cognitive reflection.

中文翻译:

优化选择架构

本文通过三项研究调查了跨多个选择架构的大型选择集的决策质量。在第一个受控实验中,我们操纵选择体系结构的两个功能-响应模式(用于排名替代项)和演示模式(用于呈现替代项)。我们的设计在每个选择集中客观地对所有16个选择选项进行排名,并且可以独立于风险态度而直接观察决策质量。我们发现联合陈述的表现优于单独陈述的陈述,选择响应模式的表现优于“幸福评级”,后者的表现优于假设的货币估值。我们还应用经典的福利标准来评估架构的性能。我们的主要发现是,在认知选择测试较大的情况下,认知选择较低的受试者在选择量较大的情况下的表现要好于在总体上包含相同选择的较小反应的题目。这说明了选择架构面临的基本折衷:对于固定选择集,更少的选项可以提高该选择集中的决策质量,但需要架构引起多个响应,从而增加了出错的机会。一项后续研究表明,在使用锦标赛演示模式进行比较时,响应模式结果的鲁棒性。第二项后续研究表明,激励货币估值的影响取决于认知反射。这说明了选择架构面临的基本折衷:对于固定选择集,更少的选项可以提高该选择集中的决策质量,但需要架构引起多个响应,从而增加了出错的机会。一项后续研究表明,在使用锦标赛演示模式进行比较时,响应模式结果的鲁棒性。第二项后续研究表明,激励货币估值的影响取决于认知反射。这说明了选择架构面临的基本折衷:对于固定选择集,更少的选项可以提高该选择集中的决策质量,但需要架构引起多个响应,从而增加了出错的机会。一项后续研究表明,在使用锦标赛演示模式进行比较时,响应模式结果的鲁棒性。第二项后续研究表明,激励货币估值的影响取决于认知反射。
更新日期:2019-03-01
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