This article investigates the rollout of universal primary education (UPE) policies in Ethiopia, Malawi, and Uganda to assess their long-term causal effects on schooling attainment. Consequently, we employ a fuzzy regression discontinuity design (RDD) to assess the effect that increased schooling helps lower adolescent sexual activity, marriage, and births, as well as adult labor force activity among women. Our findings show that the UPE policies were effective in increasing educational attainment across all three countries between 0.6 and 1.5 years of completed schooling. Additionally, we show that increased schooling induced by UPE had lowered sexual activity, child birth, and marriage rates during adolescence. We find that the effects of schooling do not significantly improve labor force participation and employment.

中文翻译：

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普及初等教育的长期影响：来自埃塞俄比亚、马拉维和乌干达的证据

本文调查了埃塞俄比亚、马拉维和乌干达普及初等教育 (UPE) 政策的推出，以评估其对受教育程度的长期因果影响。因此，我们采用模糊回归不连续性设计 (RDD) 来评估增加学校教育有助于降低女性青少年性活动、婚姻和生育以及成年劳动力活动的效果。我们的研究结果表明，UPE 政策可有效提高所有三个国家在 0.6 至 1.5 年完成学业的受教育程度。此外，我们表明，UPE 引起的教育增加降低了青春期的性活动、生育率和结婚率。我们发现，学校教育的效果并没有显着提高劳动力参与和就业。