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Spatial analysis of dairy yields response to intensive farming in New Zealand
China Agricultural Economic Review ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-02-04 , DOI: 10.1108/caer-03-2016-0044
Wei Yang , Basil Sharp

As the world’s largest dairy exporter, New Zealand dairy industry seeks to keep the international competitiveness by increasing productivity and the use of intensive inputs. These, however, have not only brought economic growth but also caused nutrient pollution. To optimize the use of inputs and reduce the pollution, it is important to understand how productive the dairy industry is in consideration of intensive farming. It is therefore the purpose of this paper to employ spatial panel data models to explore the relationship between dairy yields and nutrient inputs locally and nationally. This paper presents the maximum likelihood estimates by using territorial-level data in 2002, 2007 and 2012. The Lagrange Multiplier test indicates the existence of spatial interdependence and suggests the spatial autoregressive model with fixed effects be the most efficient. Furthermore, the results show positive spatial spillover effect regarding to dairy yields between territorial authorities, which indicates the positive neighbouring effects. Notably, the South Island production is more dependent on nutrient inputs compared to that of North. Additionally, considering the positive production response to effluent use but negative response to phosphorus fertilizer and no significant response to nitrogen fertilizer, farmers might think over improving effluent management instead of increasing chemical fertilizer application.

中文翻译:

新西兰集约化养殖对乳制品产量的空间分析

作为世界上最大的乳制品出口国,新西兰乳业寻求通过提高生产力和使用集约投入来保持国际竞争力。但是,这些不仅带来了经济增长,还造成了养分污染。为了优化投入物的使用并减少污染,了解集约化养殖对乳制品行业的生产力具有重要意义。因此,本文的目的是采用空间面板数据模型来探索本地和全国乳制品产量与养分投入之间的关系。本文通过使用2002年,2007年和2012年的地域级数据,提出了最大似然估计。拉格朗日乘数检验表明存在空间相互依赖关系,并建议具有固定影响的空间自回归模型效率最高。此外,结果表明,在地区主管部门之间,关于乳制品产量的空间溢出效应是积极的,这表明存在积极的邻近效应。值得注意的是,与北部相比,南岛的生产更多地依赖于养分投入。此外,考虑到生产者对废水的使用产生积极的反应,而对磷肥的反应却是消极的,而对氮肥的反应却不显着,农民可能会考虑改善废水管理,而不是增加化学肥料的使用。结果表明,各地区主管部门之间对乳制品产量具有积极的空间溢出效应,这表明存在积极的邻近效应。值得注意的是,与北部相比,南岛的生产更多地依赖于养分投入。此外,考虑到生产者对废水的使用产生积极的反应,而对磷肥的反应却是消极的,而对氮肥的反应却不显着,农民可能会考虑改善废水管理,而不是增加化学肥料的使用。结果表明,各地区主管部门之间对乳制品产量具有积极的空间溢出效应,这表明存在积极的邻近效应。值得注意的是,与北部相比,南岛的生产更多地依赖于养分投入。此外,考虑到生产者对废水的使用产生积极的反应,而对磷肥的反应却是消极的,而对氮肥的反应却不显着,农民可能会考虑改善废水管理,而不是增加化学肥料的使用。
更新日期:2019-02-04
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