Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the long-term differences in household income and their causes in the people’s commune through a panel of micro-data. Design/methodology/approach The income mobility method (including static Gini mobility and dynamic income transition matrix) as well as the multinomial logit model) are employed in this paper. Findings Empirical results indicate that differences in household income were relatively low during the people’s commune period. In addition, both Gini mobility and income transition matrix analyses show that income mobility in the long term was faster than that in the short term, suggesting income mobility was beneficial for low-income earners in the long term, i.e., there was an pro-poorness. The major factor influencing household income was the structure of family population, not the quantity of labor input. Originality/value This paper is the first using income mobility method to study farmers’ income disparity and conducting factor decomposition on it in the people’s commune period. The micro-data on production team level applied in the paper is of high value, and the paper is helpful to understand the low efficiency of the people’s commune.

中文翻译：

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人民公社时期的农村家庭收入流动

目的本文的目的是通过一组微数据来调查家庭收入中长期的差异及其在人民公社中的成因。设计/方法/方法本文采用收入迁移方法（包括静态基尼迁移率和动态收入转移矩阵以及多项式logit模型）。结果经验结果表明，在人民公社时期，家庭收入差异相对较小。此外，基尼流动性和收入转移矩阵分析均显示，长期而言，收入流动要比短期中快，这表明，长期来看，收入流动对低收入者有利，即贫穷。影响家庭收入的主要因素是家庭人口的结构，不是劳动投入的数量。原创性/价值本文是首次使用收入流动性方法研究农民在公社时期的收入差距并对其进行分解。本文所应用的生产团队层面的微观数据具有很高的价值，对理解人民公社的低效率很有帮助。