Understanding the relationship between language change and variation has progressed considerably over the last several decades, but less is known about how speakers at different life stages deal with ongoing change in their speech communities. Longitudinal studies of individuals and groups reveal three trajectory types postadolescence: stability (the most common), adopting (to some degree) a change led by younger people (the next most common trajectory), or swimming against the community current by reverting to an older pattern in later life (the least common trajectory). Declining plasticity over the life course places limits on possible trajectories, which are also subject to social and cultural influences. This article reviews relevant studies from historical linguistics as well as panel studies on African American English and dialect contact, proposing that future progress will be made by interdisciplinary research combining psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic perspectives. Lifespan trajectories in s...

中文翻译：

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语言在整个生命周期中的变化

在过去的几十年中，对语言变化与变异之间的关系的理解有了长足的进步，但是人们对于不同人生阶段的演讲者如何应对其语音社区中不断变化的知识知之甚少。对个人和群体的纵向研究揭示了青春期后的三种轨迹类型：稳定（最常见），采用（某种程度上）由年轻人主导的变化（第二最常见的轨迹），或通过向较老的群体逆流而行以后生活中的模式（最不常见的轨迹）。一生中可塑性的下降限制了可能的轨迹，这些轨迹也受到社会和文化影响。本文回顾了历史语言学的相关研究以及有关非裔美国人英语和方言接触的专题研究，提出将跨学科研究结合心理语言学和社会语言学的观点来取得未来的进步。寿命轨迹