Unconditional basic income (UBI) is the income allotted to all members of society individually, without the need to work. The right to this income and its level are unconditional and independent of the size and structure of households. In addition, the unconditional income is paid regardless of the income of citizens from other sources. The aim of this paper is to provide a theoretical and an empirical analysis of the UBI, with particular emphasis on the genesis and the effects of introducing this mechanism. The research was based on the analysis of economics literature and empirical results. In the empirical part, the effects of the UBI pilot program implemented in various high and low economically developed countries have been taken into account. In particular, the effects of the Family 500+ program introduced in Poland have been presented, which is widely identified with the UBI program.

中文翻译：

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无条件基本收入是减少收入不平等的一种手段。波兰的情况

无条件基本收入（UBI）是指无需工作而单独分配给所有社会成员的收入。这种收入的权利及其水平是无条件的，并且与家庭的规模和结构无关。此外，无论其他来源的公民收入如何，都将支付无条件收入。本文的目的是提供对UBI的理论和实证分析，特别着重于UBI的起源和引入这种机制的效果。该研究基于对经济学文献和实证结果的分析。在经验部分，已经考虑了在各种经济高低国家实施的UBI试点计划的效果。特别是介绍了在波兰实施的家庭500+计划的效果，