An indexical tense occurring in intensional domains, as in John believed that Mary is pregnant conveys a mismatch between the content reported and the content intuitively attributable to the believer: The actual belief does not seem to involve an indexical reference to the speech time. Current logicosemantic accounts of this mismatch propose a de re interpretation, e.g., there is a state in the real world, of which John believes something. Following Gennari’s (1999a; 2003) account, it is argued that current accounts do not capture multiple instances of belief attributions with indexical tenses and an alternative more flexible account is proposed. Specifically, indexical tenses need not be analyzed de re if the belief reports is considered as an attribution of an implicit belief, rather than an explicit one (Stalnaker 1999). Such attributions are felicitous if there is an inference pragmatically attainable in the common ground that allows the speaker to infer and assert the attributed content. The speaker infers the reported content making extra assumptions normally taken for granted. The account correctly predicts whether a given present or future attitude report is felicitous depending on the availability of the speaker’s inference.

中文翻译：

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索引时间参考和态度报告

意图领域中出现的索引式时态，例如约翰认为玛丽怀孕了，这表明所报告的内容与直观上归因于信徒的内容之间存在不匹配：实际的信念似乎并不涉及对讲话时间的索引性引用。当前关于这种失配的逻辑语义解释提出了一种重新解释，例如，在现实世界中存在一种状态，约翰相信其中的某种状态。继Gennari（1999a; 2003）的帐户之后，有人认为经常帐户不能用索引式时态捕获多个信念归因实例，并提出了另一种更灵活的帐户。具体来说，如果信念报告被认为是隐性信念的一种归属，而不是显式信念的一种归因，则不必重新分析索引时态（Stalnaker 1999）。如果在一个共同的基础上有一个在语用上可实现的推断，并且允许说话者推断和主张所归属的内容，那么这种归因是适当的。演讲者推断出所报告的内容，通常会认为是多余的假设。该帐户正确地预测给定的当前或将来的态度报告是否适当，这取决于说话者的推理能力。