Transgender women (waria) in Indonesia have high rates of HIV and experience barriers accessing HIV services. This qualitative research explored barriers and facilitators to HIV care among waria in Indonesia. Between 2015 and 2016, 42 participants were involved in focus group discussions and in-depth interviews across three urban sites in Indonesia to examine participants' experiences and views on HIV prevention, testing, treatment initiation, and treatment adherence. Data were analyzed thematically. Barriers to accessing HIV care services included perceptions of health and HIV treatment, confidentiality and stigma concerns, and poor access to health insurance. Facilitators to HIV care included recognition of health and perceived susceptibility, perceptions of treatment benefits and consequences of non-adherence, access to social support, and patient-friendly services. Research findings highlight the importance of improving HIV treatment literacy, safeguarding community responses to addressing HIV vulnerability, addressing confidentiality and stigma issues, ensuring services are transgender-friendly, and increasing health insurance coverage.

中文翻译：

---

印度尼西亚Waria（变性妇女）中艾滋病毒感染的障碍和促成因素：定性研究

印度尼西亚的跨性别女性（waria）的艾滋病毒感染率很高，并且在获得艾滋病毒服务方面遇到障碍。这项定性研究探索了印度尼西亚瓦里亚人中艾滋病毒治疗的障碍和促进者。在2015年至2016年期间，有42位参与者参与了印度尼西亚三个城市站点的焦点小组讨论和深入访谈，以考察参与者在HIV预防，测试，治疗启动和治疗依从性方面的经验和观点。对数据进行专题分析。获得艾滋病毒护理服务的障碍包括对健康和艾滋病毒治疗的看法，保密性和污名化关注以及难以获得健康保险。艾滋病毒照护的促进者包括对健康和易感性的认识，对治疗益处的认识和不坚持的后果，获得社会支持，和患者友好的服务。研究结果突显了提高艾滋病毒治疗素养，维护社区应对艾滋病毒脆弱性，应对机密性和污名化问题，确保服务具有跨性别友好性以及扩大健康保险覆盖面的重要性。