We read the umbrella review and meta-analysis by Chapelle et al, 1 which summarised the evidence from 80 meta-analyses examining medications and dietary factors associated with prevention of colorectal cancer. The main findings showed that aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, magnesium, folate and high consumption of fruits, vegetables, fibre and dairy products were associated with decreased incidence of colorectal cancer. Whereas frequent consumption of alcohol and meat were associated with increased incidence of colorectal cancer. Chapelle et al also reported the quality of evidence as overwhelmingly very low to low and concluded their review by suggesting that these findings will assist clinicians when advising average risk patients, yet they did not report the statistical result most relevant to an average risk patient living in the community: absolute risk. Absolute risk is the estimate of the likelihood of the …

中文翻译：

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结直肠癌和绝对风险

我们阅读了 Chapelle 等人的综述和荟萃分析 1，其中总结了 80 项荟萃分析的证据，这些荟萃分析检查了与预防结直肠癌相关的药物和饮食因素。主要研究结果表明，阿司匹林、非甾体类抗炎药、镁、叶酸和大量食用水果、蔬菜、纤维和奶制品与降低结直肠癌的发病率有关。而经常饮酒和吃肉与结直肠癌的发病率增加有关。Chapelle 等人还报告说，证据质量压倒性地从非常低到低，并通过建议这些发现将在建议平均风险患者时帮助临床医生结束他们的审查，然而，他们没有报告与生活在社区中的平均风险患者最相关的统计结果：绝对风险。绝对风险是对……的可能性的估计。