The theory and practical design of a monopole ion trapping system are presented, along with our experimental observations of nonlinear motion of a single charged polyethylene microsphere in the trap. For these observations, the trap was operated at a drive frequency of 70 Hz and easily produced voltages in the kV range. The resulting ion motion was captured using a high-speed camera acquiring images at up to 4000 frames per second. These data yielded time series, phase space portraits, and power spectra of the ion motion in a range of applied voltages, allowing us to observe a period-doubling route to chaos and a period-3 window within the chaotic regime. It is shown that these observations agree with a numerical integration of the ion's nonlinear equation of motion in the monopole electric field.

中文翻译：

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单极离子阱中的混沌

介绍了单极离子阱系统的理论和实用设计，以及我们对阱中单个带电聚乙烯微球的非线性运动的实验观察。对于这些观察，陷阱以70 Hz的驱动频率运行，并且容易产生kV范围内的电压。所产生的离子运动是使用高速相机捕获的，该相机以每秒高达4000帧的速度采集图像。这些数据产生了在一系列施加电压下离子运动的时间序列，相空间肖像和功率谱，从而使我们能够观察到混沌的倍频路径和混沌状态下的周期3窗口。结果表明，这些观察结果与离子在单极电场中的非线性运动方程的数值积分相符。