Based on three pilot- and demonstration-scale projects investigating agricultural irrigation practices with reclaimed water, risks associated with these water reuse practices are highlighted and processes and strategies to minimize associated microbial risks were evaluated. A number of treatment processes and combinations were tested regarding their efficacy for pathogen removal, representing the biggest threat to the quality of products from reuse irrigation practices. In addition, the importance of regrowth potential and different methods for monitoring risks associated with pathogens were discussed. One method for online monitoring is flow cytometry. The results of an exemplary quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) were discussed to determine the significance of microbial risks. Multi-barrier approaches comprised of technical and administrative barriers can reduce the risks of water reuse significantly. Quality management also needs to address all stakeholders involved in a reuse project, starting from source control in the sewershed to marketing of the final products. In addition, environmental risks of water reuse need to be addressed by quality management as well.

基于研究中水再生农业灌溉实践的三个试点和示范规模项目，重点介绍了与这些中水利用实践相关的风险，并评估了将相关微生物风险降至最低的过程和策略。测试了许多处理过程和组合的去除病原体的功效，这代表了重复使用灌溉对产品质量的最大威胁。此外，还讨论了再生潜力的重要性以及监测病原体相关风险的不同方法。在线监测的一种方法是流式细胞仪。讨论了示例性定量微生物风险评估（QMRA）的结果，以确定微生物风险的重要性。由技术和行政壁垒组成的多壁垒方法可以显着降低中水回用的风险。从下水道的源头控制到最终产品的营销，质量管理还需要解决重复使用项目中涉及的所有利益相关者。此外，质量管理还必须解决中水回用的环境风险。