Suspended sediments (SSs) contribute to the maintenance of several ecosystems. However, intense soil erosion can lead to environmental, social, and economic impacts. South America (SA) has very high erosion and sediment transport rates. Here, we present a detailed description of the spatio‐temporal dynamics of natural SS flows in SA using the continental sediment model MGB‐SED AS. We evaluate the model with daily in situ data from 595 stations, information from regional studies and a global model. The model performance analysis showed that, in general, there was a better agreement between simulated and observed data than with the information found in regional studies and of the global model. The use of the hydrodynamic propagation method has allowed a better representation of sediment flows in rivers and floodplains. Based in the calibrated model results, SA delivers 1.00 × 10⁹ t/year of SS to the oceans, in which the Amazon (4.36 × 10⁸ t/year), Orinoco (1.37 × 10⁸ t/year), La Plata (1.11 × 10⁸ t/year), and Magdalena (3.26 × 10⁷) rivers are the main suppliers. The floodplains play an essential role, retaining about 12% (2.40 × 10⁸ t/year) of the SS loads reaching the rivers. In this study, data sets related to SS flows in SA were generated and can be used to support other large‐scale researches or policymakers and stakeholders for adequate management of continental land use.

中文翻译：

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每日水文水力模拟支持的南美泥沙流量

悬浮沉积物（SSs）有助于维护多个生态系统。但是，严重的水土流失会导致环境，社会和经济影响。南美洲（SA）的侵蚀和泥沙输送速率非常高。在这里，我们使用大陆沉积物模型MGB-SED AS对SA中天然SS流的时空动力学进行了详细描述。我们使用来自595个站点的每日原位数据，来自区域研究的信息和全球模型来评估该模型。模型性能分析表明，与在区域研究和全球模型中发现的信息相比，模拟和观察到的数据总体上具有更好的一致性。流体动力传播方法的使用可以更好地表示河流和洪泛区中的泥沙流。⁹ 吨/年SS到海洋，其中亚马逊河（4.36×10 ⁸ 吨/年），奥里诺科（1.37×10 ⁸ 吨/年），拉普拉塔（1.11×10 ⁸ 吨/年）和马格达莱纳（ 3.26×10 ⁷）河流是主要供应商。洪泛区起着至关重要的作用，保留了 到达河流的SS负荷的约12％（2.40×10 ⁸吨/年）。在本研究中，生成了与南澳大利亚州SS流有关的数据集，可用于支持其他大规模研究或政策制定者和利益相关者对大陆土地使用进行适当管理。