This study presents a framework for systematic identification and evaluation of potential shelter locations for a mass evacuation due to a hurricane and its associated flooding. The sequential process involves identifying candidate facilities for use as shelters, developing a site selection process for shelter locations, and applying the site selection process to evaluate candidates. The shelter site selection process follows three stages: candidate-selection, candidate-screening, and candidate-evaluation using a Multiple Criteria Evaluation (MCE). The criteria fall into four categories: Environmental Considerations, Structural Attributes, Access to Emergency Services, and Transportation Considerations. A combined flood risk and traffic microsimulation model informs the MCE with information regarding the environmental and traffic flow-related impacts, including traffic congestion. Six weight schemes are tested, one of which is based on expert consultation. The results reveal that candidates that score the highest according to the MCE are approximately 3–20 km away from the affected area, and the lowest scoring candidates are in distant rural areas immediately adjacent to the coast. The scoring scheme emphasizing on transportation considerations suggest that some candidates that are closer to the Peninsula score higher. Four of the top five highest scoring candidates are among those that had been identified by stakeholders. Recommendations are made for shelters to be used in time-pressing evacuations, shelters that have a high-capacity, and shelters that are municipally owned. The proposed method in this study can be used in future research on evacuation planning, particularly in relation to traffic modeling as well as by emergency professionals.

这项研究提供了一个系统识别和评估潜在避难所位置的框架，该避难所位置因飓风及其相关洪水而大规模撤离。顺序过程包括确定用作避难所的候选设施，开发避难所位置的选址过程以及应用选址过程评估候选者。避难所选址过程分为三个阶段：候选人选择，候选人筛选和使用多标准评估（MCE）进行候选人评估。该标准分为四类：环境注意事项，结构属性，获得紧急服务的权限和运输注意事项。洪水风险和交通微观模拟相结合的模型向MCE提供有关环境和交通流量相关影响（包括交通拥堵）的信息。测试了六个权重方案，其中之一是基于专家咨询的。结果表明，根据MCE评分最高的候选人距受影响地区约3-20 km，而评分最低的候选人则位于紧邻海岸的遥远农村地区。着重考虑交通因素的计分方案表明，一些距离半岛较近的候选人得分较高。利益相关者确定的得分最高的前五名候选人中有四名。建议将庇护所用于紧迫的疏散，高容量的庇护所，和市政所拥有的庇护所。本研究中提出的方法可用于未来的疏散计划研究，尤其是与交通模型以及紧急情况专业人员有关的疏散计划。