To assess the effect of anthropogenic activities on ecosystems, it is of prime importance to develop new tools enabling a rapid characterization of ecological communities. Freshwater ecosystems are particularly impacted and threatened by human activities and need thorough attention to preserve their biodiversity and the ecological services they provide. Studying such ecosystems is generally difficult because the associated organisms are hard to sample and to monitor. We present a ready-to-use environmental metabarcoding protocol to characterize and monitor the freshwater gastropods communities from water samples. The efficiency of this new tool was compared to a classical malacological survey at 19 sampled sites from 10 distinct rivers distributed over Corsica Island (France). From a single water sample, our eDNA monitoring tool provided a faithful characterization of the local malacofauna compared to the results obtained from the classical malacological survey, with 97.1% of species detection confirmed by both methods. The present tool successfully detected the 11 freshwater snail species previously reported in Corsica by malacological survey but was limited at the genus level for some species. Moreover, our malacological survey allowed an update of the local distribution of a wide diversity of freshwater snails including invasive species (i.e. Potamopyrgus antipodarum and Physa acuta) as well as snail hosts of pathogens of medical and veterinary importance (i.e. Bulinus truncatus and Galba truncatula). These results strengthened a previous hypothesis of an eventual competitive interaction between B. truncatus and P. antipodarum that could limit the endemization of the uro-genital bilharziasis in Corsica.

为了评估人为活动对生态系统的影响，开发能够快速表征生态群落特征的新工具至关重要。淡水生态系统尤其受到人类活动的影响和威胁，需要充分关注以保护其生物多样性及其所提供的生态服务。研究此类生态系统通常很困难，因为相关的生物很难采样和监控。我们提出了一种现成的环境元条形码协议，用于表征和监测水样中的淡水腹足动物群落。将该新工具的效率与经典的冰川学调查进行了比较，该调查是在法国科西嘉岛上分布的10条不同河流的19个采样点进行的。从单个水样中 与经典的乳汁调查所获得的结果相比，我们的eDNA监测工具对本地的疟疾动物提供了真实的特征，两种方法均证实了97.1％的物种检出。本工具成功地通过哺乳动物学调查成功地发现了先前在科西嘉岛报告的11种淡水蜗牛物种，但在某些物种的属水平上受到限制。此外，我们的河床调查允许更新包括入侵物种在内的各种淡水蜗牛的本地分布（本工具成功地通过哺乳动物学调查成功地发现了先前在科西嘉岛报告的11种淡水蜗牛物种，但在某些物种的属水平上受到限制。此外，我们的河床调查允许更新包括入侵物种在内的各种淡水蜗牛的本地分布（本工具成功地通过哺乳动物学调查成功地发现了先前在科西嘉岛报告的11种淡水蜗牛物种，但在某些物种的属水平上受到限制。此外，我们的河床调查允许更新包括入侵物种在内的各种淡水蜗牛的本地分布（例如，Potamopyrgus antipodarum和Physa acuta，以及具有医学和兽医学重要性的病原体（例如Bulinus truncatus和Galba truncatula）的蜗牛宿主。这些结果加强了之间的最终竞争力相互作用的先前假设B.截和P. antipodarum可能限制在科西嘉岛的泌尿生殖血吸虫病的endemization。