In the present study, chitosan-coated nanoliposomes were prepared using thin-film hydration method, as a practical delivery system for encapsulation of caffeine. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to determine the optimum conditions for preparation of nanoliposomes based on the encapsulation efficiency, lightness (L*), electrical conductivity and stability. The morphological analysis demonstrated that the developed nanoliposomes were spherical particles with a homogenous distribution and smooth surfaces. The particle size of the samples determined by dynamic light scattering was higher than that observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The surface charges of nanoliposome and chitosome were −25 and 31.9 mV, respectively, exhibiting a relatively stable nanostructure. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that there existed a broad peak at 226.74 °C. On the basis of the release profile of the developed nanostructured vehicles, most of caffeine released in the small intestine and chitosan-coated nanoliposomes presented a slower release rate compared to the nanoliposomal system. Kopcha model could describe the release behavior of cafeine from fabricated carriers. Overall, the results showed the potential of chitosomes for caffeine retention and sustained release in the digestive system, bearing more advantages compared to nanoliposomes.

在本研究中，壳聚糖包被的纳米脂质体是使用薄膜水合作用法制备的，是一种实用的咖啡因包封系统。应用响应表面方法（RSM）根据封装效率，亮度（L *），电导率和稳定性确定制备纳米脂质体的最佳条件。形态分析表明，所开发的纳米脂质体为球形颗粒，具有均匀的分布和光滑的表面。通过动态光散射测定的样品的粒径高于通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）观察到的粒径。纳米脂质体和壳聚糖的表面电荷分别为-25和31.9 mV，表现出相对稳定的纳米结构。差示扫描量热法（DSC）显示在226.74℃存在一个宽峰。根据已开发的纳米结构载体的释放曲线，与纳米脂质体系统相比，大多数在小肠和壳聚糖包被的纳米脂质体中释放的咖啡因的释放速率较慢。Kopcha模型可以描述咖啡因从预制载体中的释放行为。总的来说，结果表明壳聚糖具有在咖啡因中保留和在消化系统中持续释放的潜力，与纳米脂质体相比具有更多的优势。与纳米脂质体系统相比，大多数在小肠中释放的咖啡因和壳聚糖包被的纳米脂质体的释放速率较慢。Kopcha模型可以描述咖啡因从预制载体中的释放行为。总的来说，结果表明壳聚糖具有在咖啡因中保留和在消化系统中持续释放的潜力，与纳米脂质体相比具有更多的优势。与纳米脂质体系统相比，大多数在小肠中释放的咖啡因和壳聚糖包被的纳米脂质体的释放速率较慢。Kopcha模型可以描述咖啡因从预制载体中的释放行为。总的来说，结果表明壳聚糖具有在咖啡因中保留和在消化系统中持续释放的潜力，与纳米脂质体相比具有更多的优势。