Improving wine composition is a critical factor for the wine industry. Phenolic compounds play an important role in wine composition contributing to its organoleptic characteristics. Although several factors can influence the phenolic concentration, plant water status in particular has shown to have a direct impact on the phenolic compounds. It is however complex to quantitate water deficit by plant water status measurements as they depend on the specific site (topography, viticultural management practices and soil characteristics) creating variable values within the vineyard block. This study focused on analysing the effect of natural spatial and temporal variability of plant water status on grape and wine parameters. A field experiment was done in a commercial Cabernet Sauvignon block to monitor the temporal and spatial intra-block variability of plant water status using a grid sample method. Soil analysis and topography were included in the evaluation. Each target vine was assessed for yield, ripeness as well as standard juice parameters. Micro-vinification was done for each target vine and the concentration of anthocyanins and tannins analysed. The results showed that the spatial and temporal variability was evident along the season. Plant water status influenced changes in the concentration of phenolic compounds and grape parameters. The vines in the stressed class were associated with changes in soil texture and topography. These plants presented a moderate increase (6.7%) in sugar content; a significant increase in anthocyanins (22.2%) and tannins (27.5%); and a strong reduction in yield (53.2%) when compared with the non-stressed classes. The results of this study may help to understand and quantify how spatial variability is naturally distributed and its effect on grape and wine parameters.

改善葡萄酒成分是葡萄酒行业的关键因素。酚类化合物在葡萄酒成分中起重要作用，有助于其感官特性。尽管有几个因素会影响酚类化合物的浓度，但植物的水分状况尤其显示出对酚类化合物的直接影响。然而，通过植物水分状况测量来定量水分亏缺是复杂的，因为它们取决于特定地点（地形，葡萄栽培管理实践和土壤特征），从而在葡萄园区中产生可变的值。这项研究的重点是分析植物水分状况的自然时空变化对葡萄和葡萄酒参数的影响。使用网格采样方法在商品化赤霞珠块上进行了田间试验，以监测植物水分状况的时间和空间内块内变化。评估中包括土壤分析和地形。评估每个目标葡萄的产量，成熟度以及标准果汁参数。对每个目标葡萄进行微酿酒，并分析花色苷和单宁的浓度。结果表明，整个季节的时空变化明显。植物水分状况影响了酚类化合物浓度和葡萄参数的变化。处于应激状态的葡萄藤与土壤质地和地形的变化有关。这些植物的糖含量适度增加（6.7％）。花青素（22.2％）和单宁酸（27。5％）；与非强调类相比，收益率大幅降低（53.2％）。这项研究的结果可能有助于理解和量化空间变异性如何自然分布及其对葡萄和葡萄酒参数的影响。