The duplex-mechanism account of auditory distraction postulates that two distinct forms of auditory distraction can be distinguished by whether or not they can be cognitively controlled. While the interference-by-process component of auditory distraction is postulated to be automatic and independent of cognitive control, the stimulus-aspecific attention capture by auditory deviants and the stimulus-specific attentional diversion by auditorily presented distractor sentences should be suppressed by increased task engagement. Here we test whether incentive-induced changes in task engagement affect the disruption of serial recall by auditory deviants (Experiment 1) and distractor sentences (Experiment 2). Monetary incentives substantially affected recall performance in both experiments. However, the incentive-induced changes in task engagement had only limited effects on auditory distraction. In Experiment 2, increased task engagement was associated with a small decrease of distraction relative to a quiet condition, but strong effects of auditory distraction on performance persisted in conditions of high task engagement in both experiments. Most importantly, and in contrast to the predictions of the duplex-mechanism account, the effects of stimulus-aspecific attention capture (Experiment 1) and stimulus-specific attentional diversion (Experiment 2) remained unaffected by incentive-induced changes in task engagement. These findings are consistent with an automatic-capture account according to which only the processes responsible for the deliberate memorization of the target items are dependent on controlled mental effort while the attention capture by auditory deviants and the attentional diversion by distractor speech are largely automatic.

听觉分心的双重机制假设假设两种不同形式的听觉分心可以通过它们是否可以被认知控制来区分。虽然假设听觉分心的过程干扰成分是自动的并且独立于认知控制，但听觉异常者的刺激特异性注意力捕获和听觉呈现的分心句子引起的刺激特异性注意力转移应该通过增加任务参与来抑制. 在这里，我们测试激励引起的任务参与变化是否会影响听觉异常（实验 1）和干扰句（实验 2）对连续回忆的破坏。在两个实验中，金钱激励都极大地影响了回忆表现。然而，激励引起的任务参与变化对听觉分心的影响有限。在实验 2 中，相对于安静的条件，增加的任务参与度与分心的小幅减少有关，但在两个实验中，在高任务参与度的条件下，听觉分心对表现的强烈影响仍然存在。最重要的是，与双重机制帐户的预测相反，刺激非特异性注意力捕获（实验 1）和刺激特异性注意力转移（实验 2）的影响仍然不受激励引起的任务参与变化的影响。