The integration of new technologies into the process of production has recently resuscitated the question of world-without-work. Accounts that regard a workless future as a strong possibility often base their arguments on a body of work that upholds that new machines already tend to eliminate the category of work, including knowledge work. This article challenges this view by revisiting Marx’s Fragment on Machines through the lens of autonomist Marxist writings. It offers an answer to the research question, inscribed in the title, that in contemporary capitalism the principal source of value and wealth lies in the general intellect embodied in living labour, living-knowledge-as-mêtis, that cannot be crystallized in and reproduced by the system of machinery and organizational tools in any meaningful way. The political implications of this argument will be discussed in the conclusion.

将新技术整合到生产过程中，最近使人们无法工作的问题复活了。认为无工作的未来很有可能发生的客户经常将他们的论据建立在工作的基础上，这些工作主张新机器已经倾向于消除工作类别，包括知识工作。本文通过从自主主义者马克思主义著作的角度重新审视马克思的《机器上的碎片》，从而挑战了这一观点。它为题在题上的研究问题提供了答案，即在当代资本主义中，价值和财富的主要来源在于活着的劳动，天生的知性所体现的一般智力。，不能以任何有意义的方式在机械和组织工具的系统中明确和再现。结论中将讨论该论点的政治含义。