Objective

The aim of this paper was to synthesize the experimental research on factors that affect takeover performance during conditionally automated driving.

Background

For conditionally automated driving, the automated driving system (ADS) can handle the entire dynamic driving task but only for limited domains. When the system reaches a limit, the driver is responsible for taking over vehicle control, which may be affected by how much time they are provided to take over, what they were doing prior to the takeover, or the type of information provided to them during the takeover.

Method

Out of 8446 articles identified by a systematic literature search, 48 articles containing 51 experiments were included in the meta-analysis. Coded independent variables were time budget, non-driving related task engagement and resource demands, and information support during the takeover. Coded dependent variables were takeover timing and quality measures.

Results

Engaging in non-driving related tasks results in degraded takeover performance, particularly if it has overlapping resource demands with the driving task. Weak evidence suggests takeover performance is impaired with shorter time budgets. Current implementations of information support did not affect takeover performance.

Conclusion

Future research and implementation should focus on providing the driver more time to take over while automation is active and should further explore information support.

Application

The results of the current paper indicate the need for the development and deployment of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) services and driver monitoring.

中文翻译：

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有条件自动驾驶期间接管性能的系统回顾和元分析

客观的

本文的目的是综合对有条件自动驾驶过程中影响接管性能的因素进行的实验研究。

背景

对于有条件的自动驾驶，自动驾驶系统 (ADS) 可以处理整个动态驾驶任务，但仅限于有限的领域。当系统达到极限时，驾驶员负责接管车辆控制，这可能受到提供给他们的接管时间、他们在接管之前所做的事情或接管期间提供给他们的信息类型的影响收购。

方法

在系统文献检索确定的 8446 篇文章中，包含 51 个实验的 48 篇文章被纳入荟萃分析。编码自变量是时间预算、非驾驶相关任务参与和资源需求，以及接管期间的信息支持。编码的因变量是接管时间和质量措施。

结果

从事与驾驶无关的任务会导致接管性能下降，尤其是当它与驾驶任务有重叠的资源需求时。微弱的证据表明，较短的时间预算会削弱接管绩效。当前实施的信息支持不会影响接管性能。

结论

未来的研究和实施应侧重于在自动化处于活动状态时为驾驶员提供更多接管时间，并应进一步探索信息支持。

应用

当前论文的结果表明需要开发和部署车联网 (V2X) 服务和驾驶员监控。