More historically White institutions of higher education are compelled to respond, in some way, to increased activism and awareness of continued legacies of racism and racial crises on campuses. The author suggests that how schools wrestle with their legacies of racism and/or respond to student demands to right racial wrongs on campus might be considered university acts of racial redress. Through a Critical Race Theory inspired chronicle, the author argues that seemingly positive university acts of racial redress such as policies, place un/naming, or public statements are, in fact, Racial Symbols that do little to change the material realities of racially marginalized people on campus.

从历史上看，白人高等教育机构被迫以某种方式对激进主义和对校园内种族主义和种族危机持续遗留问题的认识作出反应。作者认为，学校如何与种族主义传统作斗争和/或回应学生对校园中正确的种族错误的要求，可能被认为是大学的种族补偿行为。通过批判种族理论启发的编年史，作者认为，看似积极的大学种族补偿行为，例如政策，地方/名称或公共声明，实际上是种族符号，对改变种族边缘化人们的物质现实没有多大作用在校园。