Background:

Hate crimes against Muslim Americans have increased exponentially in the past 20 years, but there is currently no scale for measuring perceived anti-Muslim discrimination in the United States. To fill this gap, this study used a mixed-method approach to develop scales for measuring perceived anti-Muslim discrimination.

Method:

Qualitative data informed the development and validation of the 19-item Societal Anti-Muslim Discrimination Index and the 9-item Interpersonal Anti-Muslim Discrimination Index. Quantitative data (N = 347) were collected from Muslim Americans using an online survey and used to assess the anti-Muslim indexes.

Results:

Qualitative data contributed to the refinement scale items. Quantitative results indicated one-component models and modest to high reliability of the Interpersonal Anti-Muslim Discrimination Index (.77) and Societal Anti-Muslim Discrimination Index (.88) scales.

Discussion:

Study results established the validity of these novel scales for measuring the distinct facets of anti-Muslim discrimination not captured by the Everyday Discrimination Index. These scales will facilitate research on anti-Muslim discrimination and the health implications of this form of religious-based discrimination.

中文翻译：

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在美国对人际交往和社会反穆斯林歧视的衡量

背景：

在过去的20年中，针对穆斯林美国人的仇恨犯罪成倍增加，但是目前在美国尚无衡量可感知的反穆斯林歧视的尺度。为了填补这一空白，本研究使用混合方法来开发用于衡量感知到的反穆斯林歧视的量表。

方法：

定性数据为19项社会反穆斯林歧视指数和9项人际反穆斯林歧视指数的发展和验证提供了依据。使用在线调查从穆斯林美国人那里收集了定量数据（N = 347），并用于评估抗穆斯林指数。

结果：

定性数据有助于细化规模项目。定量结果表明，人际反穆斯林歧视指数（.77）和社会反穆斯林歧视指数（.88）量表具有单成分模型和中等至高可靠性。

讨论：

研究结果证实了这些新颖的量表在衡量日常歧视指数未涵盖的反穆斯林歧视方面的有效性。这些量表将有助于研究反穆斯林歧视以及这种形式的基于宗教的歧视对健康的影响。