This study examined whether ethnicity moderated trajectories of mothers’ and children’s positive and negative emotional expressions, as well as within‐time and lagged associations between these variables. European American and Mexican American mothers’ and children’s emotional expressions toward each other were observed when children were aged 15, 25, and 37 months. Children’s positivity increased at identical rates and maternal positivity predicted subsequent levels of children’s positivity similarly in the two groups. However, Mexican American children’s negative expressivity declined at more pronounced rates than European American children. Also, whereas at 27 months, European American children’s negativity was negatively predicted by previous levels of maternal positivity, at 37 months it was predicted by previous levels of maternal negativity. Mexican American mothers’ emotional expressivity did not predict their children’s negativity. Finally, maternal negativity declined over time only among Mexican Americans. The results are interpreted with reference to ecocultural theory, the Mexican values of simpatía and respeto, the European American value of authenticity, and the fact that cultural differences become more pronounced as children age.

中文翻译：

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母亲和孩子彼此正面和负面情感表达中的种族差异

这项研究检查了种族是否缓和了母亲和儿童的积极和消极情绪表达的轨迹，以及这些变量之间的时间内和滞后关联。当儿童分别在15、25和37个月大时，观察到了欧洲裔美国人和墨西哥裔美国人母亲和孩子们彼此之间的情感表达。儿童的阳性率以相同的速率增加，而母亲的阳性率预测两组儿童的后续阳性水平相似。但是，墨西哥裔美国儿童的负面表达比欧洲裔美国儿童下降得更为明显。同样，在27个月时，以前的母亲阳性水平对欧美儿童的阴性反应有负面预测，而在37个月时，以前的母亲阴性水平则预测了欧洲儿童的阴性反应。墨西哥裔美国人的母亲的情感表达能力无法预测其子女的消极情绪。最后，孕产妇的消极情绪仅在墨西哥裔美国人中随时间下降。参考生态文化理论，simpatía和respeto的墨西哥价值观，欧美的真实性价值观以及随着儿童年龄的增长文化差异变得更加明显的事实来解释这些结果。