When people face difficult life situations, close interpersonal interactions that are positive (supportive, warm, and intimate) and negative (critical, withdrawing, and unhelpful) can be assessed with the Interpersonal Resilience Inventory and should be distinct from social support indices (structural support and perceived support schema), associated with stress and well-being, and salient across different stress contexts. Online participants completed the Interpersonal Resilience Inventory when facing family or financial stressors (n = 327) and the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 180). Confirmatory factor analysis, discrimination, correlations, and models regressing stress and well-being on positive and negative interactions indicated that scales are distinct and explain unique variance in stress and well-being beyond general social support. Results highlight the unique function of perceived interactions. This study expands previous medical and couple-specific work on perceptions of positive and negative interactions by assessing them across important relationships, in two unique stress contexts (family and financial hardships, and COVID-19), and after controlling for other types of social support (support schemas and structural support). This work is important for building parsimonious theories of perceived interactions that may be generalizable across relationships and stress contexts and may illuminate social support pathways to well-being.

中文翻译：

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人际弹性量表：评估困难和 COVID-19 期间的正面和负面互动

当人们面临困难的生活情况时，积极（支持、温暖和亲密）和消极（批评、退缩和无助）的密切人际交往可以通过人际弹性量表进行评估，并应与社会支持指数（结构支持）区分开来。和感知支持模式），与压力和幸福感相关，并在不同的压力环境中显着。在线参与者在面临家庭或财务压力（n  = 327）和 COVID-19 大流行（n = 180）。验证性因素分析、歧视、相关性和回归压力和幸福感对积极和消极相互作用的模型表明，量表是不同的，并解释了超出一般社会支持的压力和幸福感的独特差异。结果突出了感知交互的独特功能。本研究通过在两种独特的压力环境（家庭和经济困难以及 COVID-19）中以及在控制其他类型的社会支持之后评估重要关系中的积极和消极互动，扩展了之前的医学和夫妻特定的工作。 （支持模式和结构支持）。